Attention and Listening

Processing and understanding spoken language in real-time, actively concentrating on auditory and visual stimuli in the environment.

Attention and Listening is an essential skill in learning and communication. It involves processing and understanding spoken language in real-time, actively concentrating on auditory and visual stimuli in the environment and is directly linked to other verbal and non-verbal skills including speaking, reading, and writing.

Presenting barriers and challenges

  • Differences in attending to verbal/non-verbal communication.

  • Monotropism- highly focused on what task, creating difficulties when moving to another.

  • Differences in processing information which may create differences on how/when they can respond to instructions.

  • Sensory differences that need to be met regularly across the day. 

Best practice strategies and provision

  • Use the learner’s name first to focus attention before giving instructions.

  • Get to eye level (younger learners) to build connection and reduce intimidation, encouraging engagement.

  • Speak slowly with pauses to allow time for the learner to process language and respond.

  • Allow extra processing time to reduce pressure and support understanding.

  • Minimise distractions - lower background noise and visual clutter to improve focus.

  • Use gestures and objects to reinforce spoken language and aid comprehension.

  • Chunk instructions. Break tasks into small steps (e.g., “get your jumper,” then “get your shoes”) to aid understanding and reduce overload.

  • Alternate quiet and active tasks. This supports regulation and attention.

  • Respect attention patterns. For example, notice/record whether the learner engages better with some tasks than others and plan for transition to a new task by counting down or using prompts such as now/next.

  • Set clear, achievable goals Use start/finish boxes and rewards to maintain focus and motivation.

  • Match tasks to interests and attention span to boost engagement and reduce frustration.

  • Use visual supports tools like now-next boards, task planners, and sand timers aid understanding (monitoring for anxiety around time limits).

Resource Description Pricing Stage
Attention Milestones (SLT for Kids webpage) Development of attention in children (according to age) Free Early Years, Primary
The EPIC Strategy Booklet - A Guide for teachers Strategy booklet: University of Edinburgh Free Primary, Secondary, Post 16
ADDiSS homepage - The National Attention Deficit Disorder Information and Support Service. information and resources about Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Free Primary, Secondary, Post 16
Speech and Language UK Signs and Symptons A guide for professionals Free Early Years, Primary, Secondary, Post 16
The Communication Friendly Spaces Approach: Re-Thinking Learning Environments for Children And Families Publication by Elizabeth Jarman Paid Early Years, Primary, Secondary
Helping Children Hang on to your every word Publication by Maggie Johnson Paid Early Years, Primary
Active Listening for Active Learning E Book full of practical resources and Guidance Free Early Years, Primary, Secondary
Leeds NHS SLT Toolkit: Attention & Listening Guidance on Attention & Listening Skills Free Early Years, Primary, Secondary, Post 16